Revitalização do sindicato dos/as professores/as por meio do sindicalismo empresarial
um estudo de caso do movimento sindical dos/das professores/as da Coreia do Sul
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22420/rde.v20i1.2830Palavras-chave:
Sindicato de professores/as, Revitalização sindical, Movimento de professores/as sul-coreanos/as, Sindicalismo de movimento social, Sindicalismo empresarialResumo
Este estudo examina um caso de revitalização sindical baseado no sindicalismo empresarial, contrastando com a noção predominante de que a revitalização sindical ocorre principalmente por meio do sindicalismo de movimento social. A Federação Coreana de Sindicatos de Professores (Korean Federation of Teachers Union) – KFTU foi formada em 2017 para desafiar o já estabelecido Sindicato Coreano de Professores e Trabalhadores da Educação (Korean Teachers and Education Workers Union) – KTU, que descrevemos como um exemplo de sindicalismo de movimento social. Criticando a estrutura organizacional centralizada e as lutas políticas radicais do KTU, a KFTU se expandiu rapidamente, absorvendo um número substancial de docentes na faixa dos 20 e 30 anos. Em 2022 a relativamente nova KFTU afirmou ter ultrapassado o KTU em número de membros. Este estudo investiga como o sindicato recém-formado, baseado no sindicalismo empresarial, surgiu e floresceu rapidamente. Para abordar a questão, esta pesquisa analisa três fatores críticos que influenciam a revitalização sindical: contexto (mudanças sociais e políticas), agentes (uma nova geração de professores/as) e estratégias (estratégias organizacionais da KFTU). Constatamos que esses três fatores interagiram de forma complexa, levando ao rápido sucesso do sindicalismo empresarial, mas ao mesmo tempo, a sustentabilidade do sindicato a longo prazo permanece em questão.
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